Stainless steel was developed in 1793 when Chromium (Cr) was first introduced to French Academy. Stainless steel is an iron based alloy in which Chromium is present in around 11%. Stainless steel does not rust due to Chromium's presence, which forms a passive film all over the material to resist rusting. It also has a heat resistance property, which is helpful in many ways. There are 150 grades of stainless steel, out of which customers use 15 types widely
Some elements are used in different proportions to manufacture various types of stainless steel. Three digits designate a specific type of stainless steel. e. g—304 stainless steel.
Different elements can increase the corrosion resistance of stainless steel by adding sufficient Chromium to the alloy, which will be more than 11% of Chromium. Corrosion resistance also can be increased by the addition of Nickel above 8% to the alloy metal. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel also can be by Molybdenum and Nitrogen addition. Additional Nitrogen also increases the mechanical strength of the material. There are plenty of Stainless Steel Fasteners manufacturers in India. The different forms of stainless steel are sheets, pipes, bars, plates, wires, tubes.
This stainless steel is used in cutlery and cookware, in surgical instruments, in electrical appliances, in construction projects, in buildings, in industrial equipment, in the paper mill, chemical plants, storage tank, etc.
There are five types of stainless steel produced by Stainless Steel pipe fittings manufacturers in India.
- Austenitic stainless steel
It is the most extensive family among all the families of stainless steel. It occupies 2/3rd of the stainless steel family. The microstructure of Austenite stainless steel is of a face-centered cubic crystal structure. The components of Austenitic stainless steel are Nickel, Manganese, and Nitrogen.
- Ferritic stainless steel
This stainless steel is of ferrite microstructure like carbon steel. It has a body-centered cubic structure.
- Martensite stainless steel
It is also known as stainless engineered steel. It is magnetic, and it has low chromium content. So a comparison to Austenite & terrific stainless steel, it is not much corrosion resistant.
- Duplex stainless steel
This stainless steel has a mixed microstructure that means a combination of Austenite and Ferritic types. The ideal mixture of ideal Duplex Steel Flanges is in a 50:50 ratio. But for commercial use, Austenite & ferritic mix is used in a 40: 60 ratio. Duplex stainless steel has twice the yield strength of austenitic type. It also has resistance to chlorides. Manufacturers produce duplex steel pipe fittings, flanges, and steel fasteners for their customers.
- Precipitation hardening stainless steel
This stainless steel is comparable to Austenitic.
Properties
Electrical- Stainless steel is a poor conductor
Magnetic- Martensitic and ferritic are magnetic
Application
The stainless steel is used in art & monument, architecture, water treatment, pulp and paper industry, biomass conversion, chemical and petrochemical processing, in vehicles like in air Crafts, trains, automobiles medicines, energy, and jewelry, etc.
If you are looking for any stainless steel, you should have a general idea about this.
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