Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a surgical procedure used to remove large kidney stones (renal calculi) from the kidney PCNL in jaipur . It is typically performed under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia.

Here's an overview of the procedure:

1. Access: A small incision is made in the patient's back, through which a nephroscope (a tube with a camera) is inserted directly into the kidney. This is guided by fluoroscopy (live X-ray) to ensure precise placement.
2. Stone Removal: Once the nephroscope is in place, the surgeon identifies the kidney stone(s). Depending on the size and location of the stones, various techniques may be used to break them up:

• Laser lithotripsy: Uses laser energy to break the stones into smaller pieces.
• Ultrasound lithotripsy: Uses high-frequency sound waves to break up the stones.
• Mechanical lithotripsy: Uses instruments to physically break up the stones.

1. Stone Extraction: After the stones are fragmented, they are removed using suction or a grabbing device through the nephroscope. In some cases, a larger stone may need to be broken into smaller pieces to facilitate removal PCNL in jaipur.
2. Drainage: A nephrostomy tube (a small tube) may be left in place temporarily to drain urine and any remaining stone fragments from the kidney. This tube is usually removed a few days after the procedure.
3. Recovery: Recovery time can vary, but patients typically stay in the hospital for a few days after PCNL to ensure there are no complications and to manage any discomfort.

PCNL is generally considered effective for large kidney stones that are difficult to remove through other methods such as shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or ureteroscopy . It has a high success rate for complete stone removal and relatively low complication rates when performed by experienced urological surgeons.

However, like any surgical procedure, PCNL in jaipur. CNL carries risks, including bleeding, infection, and injury to surrounding organs. The specific approach and techniques used may vary depending on the individual patient's anatomy and the size and location of the kidney stones.

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