The word "diamond" comes from the Greek word "adamas," which means "unbreakable" or "indestructible," highlighting the incredible hardness of this precious gemstone.

The largest diamond ever discovered is the Cullinan Diamond, weighing a staggering 3,106 carats. It was cut into several polished gems, including the famous Great Star of Africa.

Opals are unique gemstones that can display a phenomenon called play-of-color, where they exhibit a dazzling array of iridescent hues that seem to dance and change as the stone is moved.

The rarest and most valuable gemstone in the world is the pink diamond. Its scarcity and stunning beauty have made it highly sought after by collectors and investors.

Pearls are the only gemstones created by living organisms. They are formed inside oysters as a response to irritants and take several years to develop.

The red color of rubies comes from the presence of the element chromium in their crystal structure. Fine-quality rubies are often more valuable than diamonds of the same carat weight.

The Hope Diamond, one of the most famous gemstones, is believed to be cursed. Legend has it that anyone who possesses or wears it will face misfortune or even death.

Emeralds were highly valued by the ancient Egyptians, who considered them a symbol of fertility and rebirth. Cleopatra was known for her love of emeralds and adorned herself with them.

Tanzanite is a relatively recent discovery in the world of gemstones. It is found exclusively in Tanzania and is prized for its vibrant blue-violet color.

The Black Prince's Ruby, set in the British Imperial State Crown, is not actually a ruby but a large spinel. It has a rich history and was worn by numerous English monarchs throughout centuries.