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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a circulatory condition that affects millions of people worldwide, yet it often goes undiagnosed in its early stages. PAD develops when the arteries that carry blood to the legs, arms, and other extremities become narrowed by fatty deposits known as plaque.
Over time, this reduced blood flow can cause discomfort, mobility issues, and, in severe cases, significant health complications. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for PAD can help patients make informed decisions about their vascular health. Click here https://preferredvasculargroup.com/ for more details.
What Causes Peripheral Artery Disease?
The primary cause of PAD is atherosclerosis. This process occurs when cholesterol and other substances build up along artery walls, creating plaque that narrows the blood vessels. Although atherosclerosis can affect any artery in the body, it becomes especially problematic when it limits blood supply to the limbs.
Certain factors increase the risk of developing PAD, including:
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Age over 60
- Family history of vascular disease
These risk factors damage the inner lining of arteries, making it easier for plaque to accumulate. People with multiple risk factors face a higher chance of developing significant blockages.
Recognizing the Symptoms
PAD symptoms vary depending on how much blood flow is restricted. In its earliest stages, many patients may not notice any discomfort at all. As the disease progresses, one of the most common symptoms is claudication, which refers to cramping or pain in the legs during activity that eases with rest.
Other possible signs of PAD include:
- Numbness or weakness in the legs
- Coldness in the lower leg or foot compared with the other side
- Shiny skin or hair loss on the legs
- Slow-ealing sores on the feet or toes
- Weak or absent pulses in the legs
If PAD advances without treatment, patients may experience critical limb ischemia, a condition where pain occurs even at rest, and wounds may not heal. This stage carries a risk of severe complications, including limb loss.
How PAD Is Diagnosed
Healthcare providers use several methods to identify PAD. One of the most common is the ankle-brachial index (ABI), a simple test that compares blood pressure in the ankle with blood pressure in the arm. A lower reading in the ankle suggests reduced blood flow.
Other diagnostic tools may include ultrasound imaging, CT scans, or MR angiography. These provide detailed pictures of the arteries and help physicians determine the exact location and severity of blockages. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for planning the right treatment.
Treatment Options
Treatment for PAD focuses on two main goals: improving symptoms and preventing further progression of arterial disease. The approach depends on the severity of the condition and the patient’s overall health.
Lifestyle Modifications
For many patients, the first line of treatment involves changes that reduce risk factors. Quitting smoking, managing diabetes, eating a heart-healthy diet, and engaging in regular exercise can all slow the advancement of PAD and improve circulation.
Medications
Doctors may prescribe medications to control blood pressure, cholesterol, or blood sugar levels. In some cases, antiplatelet drugs are used to reduce the risk of blood clots and improve blood flow.
Interventional Procedures
When symptoms are severe or non-responsive to lifestyle and medication, minimally invasive procedures may be recommended. These include angioplasty, where a small balloon is used to widen narrowed arteries, and stent placement to keep the artery open. Atherectomy, a technique that removes plaque from the artery wall, is another option in select cases.
Surgical Options
In advanced disease, bypass surgery may be necessary. This procedure reroutes blood around a blocked artery using a graft, restoring circulation to the affected limb.
PAD and Overall Health
Peripheral artery disease is more than a localized problem in the legs or arms. It often signals widespread atherosclerosis, which can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. For this reason, managing PAD is not just about relieving leg pain—it is about protecting long-term cardiovascular health.
At Preferred Vascular Group, physicians take a comprehensive approach, not only treating blockages but also addressing the underlying risk factors that contribute to vascular disease.
Conclusion
Peripheral artery disease is a serious but manageable condition. By recognizing risk factors, paying attention to early warning signs, and seeking timely care, patients can reduce complications and maintain mobility. Modern treatment options, ranging from lifestyle changes to advanced minimally invasive procedures, allow physicians to tailor care to each individual’s needs.
With a focus on both limb health and overall cardiovascular wellbeing, Preferred Vascular Group provides patients with guidance, treatment, and long-term management strategies to improve quality of life.
Contact Information
Preferred Vascular Group – Atlanta Office
📍 Address:
3885 Princeton Lakes Way SW, Suite 314
Atlanta, Georgia 30331
📞 Phone: 404-349-7770
🕒 Hours of Operation:
Monday – Friday: 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Closed Saturday & Sunday
🌐 Website: https://preferredvasculargroup.com/
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