Flanges are the second most commonly used joining method after welding, providing a reliable way to connect pipe systems with the various equipment, valves, and other components of virtually any processing system.
Flanges increase piping system flexibility by allowing for easier disassembly and improved access to system components.
A typical flanged connection has three components:
Most gasket and bolting materials are made from the same or approved materials as the piping components you want to connect. Flanges made of stainless steel are among the most common. Flanges, on the other hand, come in a variety of materials, so matching them to your needs is critical.
Depending on the application, Monel, Inconel, Chrome Moly, and a variety of other materials are also common flange materials.
The system in which you intend to use the flange, as well as your specific needs, will determine the best option for you.
COMMON FLANGE TYPES
SOCKET-WELD FLANGES
Socket-weld flanges have a connection in which you place the pipe into the flange and then secure the connection with a single multi-pass fillet weld. They're ideal for smaller pipe diameters in low-temperature and low-pressure scenarios. This makes it easier to install than other welded flange types while also avoiding the drawbacks of threaded ends.
SLIP-ON FLANGES
Slip-on flanges are popular and come in a variety of sizes to accommodate systems with higher flow rates and throughput. Simply match the flange's outer diameter to the pipe's outer diameter. Fillet welds both sides of the flange to secure it to the pipe, making installation slightly more difficult.
LAP JOINT FLANGES
Lap joint flanges have a two-piece design that requires butt welding the stub end to the pipe or fitting and using a backing flange to complete the flanged connection. This design makes this style popular for use in systems with limited physical space or systems that must be dismantled and maintained frequently.
BLIND FLANGES
Blind flanges are boltable blank discs that are used to terminate or isolate piping systems. When properly installed and combined with the appropriate gaskets, they can provide an excellent seal that is simple to remove when needed.
THREADED FLANGES
This style, also known as a screwed flange, has a thread inside the flange bore that matches the male thread on the pipe or fitting. In many cases, the threaded connection eliminates the need for welding. Simply thread the threading onto the pipes you want to join.
Source- SS 304 Flanges
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