A liver function panel test measures several enzymes, proteins, and substances to evaluate liver health. Here are the typical results and what they signify:
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT): Normal levels range from 7 to 56 units per liter (U/L). Elevated ALT levels can indicate liver damage or inflammation, often due to hepatitis, alcohol abuse, or medications.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST): Normal levels range from 10 to 40 U/L. Like ALT, high AST levels can signal liver damage. Since AST is also found in muscles and other tissues, elevated levels can be due to heart or muscle damage.
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): Normal levels range from 44 to 147 U/L. Elevated ALP can indicate liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or bone disorders.
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT): Normal levels range from 0 to 51 U/L. High GGT levels can suggest liver disease, bile duct problems, or chronic alcohol use.
Bilirubin: Normal total bilirubin levels range from 0.1 to 1.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Elevated bilirubin levels can cause jaundice and may indicate liver dysfunction, bile duct obstruction, or hemolytic anemia.
Albumin: Normal levels range from 3.5 to 5.0 grams per deciliter (g/dL). Low albumin levels can suggest liver disease, kidney disease, or malnutrition.
Total Protein: Normal levels range from 6.3 to 7.9 g/dL. This measures albumin and other proteins in the blood. Abnormal levels can indicate liver or kidney disease or nutritional issues.
Prothrombin Time (PT): Normal range is 9.5 to 13.8 seconds. A prolonged PT can indicate liver damage or a deficiency in clotting factors produced by the liver.
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH): Normal levels range from 140 to 280 U/L. Elevated LDH can suggest tissue damage, including liver damage.
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