Infertility: Types, Causes, Symptoms

Infertility is a condition characterized by the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse (or six months if the woman is over 35 years old). It affects both men and women and can be caused by various factors Gynae Oncologist in Jaipur. Here’s an overview of types, causes, and symptoms of infertility:

Types of Infertility:

1. Primary Infertility: When a couple has never been able to conceive despite regular unprotected intercourse.
2. Secondary Infertility: When a couple has conceived at least once before but is unable to conceive again.

Causes of Infertility:

For Women:

• Ovulation Disorders: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can disrupt ovulation.
• Fallopian Tube Blockage: Scar tissue or infections can block or damage the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg and sperm from meeting.
• Endometriosis: A condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, affecting fertility.
• Age: Fertility declines with age, especially after 35 due to reduced egg quality and quantity.
• Uterine Problems: Abnormalities in the uterus, such as fibroids or polyps, can interfere with implantation.

For Men:

• Sperm Disorders: Problems with sperm production, morphology (shape), or motility (movement).
• Varicocele: A varicose vein in the scrotum that may affect sperm production or function.
• Health Issues: Conditions such as diabetes, infections (like STDs), or hormonal imbalances.
• Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, obesity, and certain medications can impact sperm production and quality.

Symptoms of Infertility:

• Inability to Conceive: The primary symptom is the inability to get pregnant after regular, unprotected intercourse for at least one year (or six months if the woman is over 35).
• Irregular Menstrual Cycles: For women Best gyne oncologist in jaipur, irregular periods may indicate ovulation disorders.
• Pain: Pain during intercourse, pelvic pain, or heavy menstrual bleeding could indicate underlying conditions like endometriosis or fibroids.
• Changes in Libido: Some people experience changes in sexual desire due to emotional stress related to infertility.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

• Diagnosis: Diagnosis involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examinations, hormone testing, imaging tests (like ultrasound), and semen analysis for men.
• Treatment: Treatment options depend on the underlying cause but may include medications to stimulate ovulation, surgery to correct anatomical issues, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like in vitro fertilization (IVF), or lifestyle changes.

It's essential for couples struggling with infertility to seek help from a fertility specialist or reproductive endocrinologist to determine the cause and explore appropriate treatment options tailored to their specific situation Gynaecological surgeries in jaipur.